منابع مشابه
The Discordance of Individual Risk Estimates and the Reference Class Problem
Multivariate methods that relate outcomes to risk factors have been adopted clinically to individualize treatment. This has promoted the belief that individuals have a “true” or unique risk. The logic of assigning an individual a single risk value has been criticized since 1866. The reason is that any individual can be simultaneously considered a member of different groups, with each group havi...
متن کاملConsumer credit risk: Individual probability estimates using machine learning
Consumer credit scoring is often considered a classification task where clients receive either a good or a bad credit status. Default probabilities provide more detailed information about the creditworthiness of consumers, and they are usually estimated by logistic regression. Here, we present a general framework for estimating individual consumer credit risks by use of machine learning methods...
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Noise is essential for the existence of a liquid market, and if noise traders are not present in the market, the trade volume will drop severely and an important aspect of the market philosophy will be lost. However, these noise traders bring noise to the market, and the existence of noise in prices indicates a temporary deviation in prices from their fundamental values. In particular, high-fre...
متن کاملThe Discordance of Mass-Loss Estimates for Galactic O-Type Stars
We have determined accurate values of the product of the mass-loss rate and the ion fraction of P , Ṁq(P ), for a sample of 40 Galactic O-type stars by fitting stellar-wind profiles to observations of the Pv resonance doublet obtained with FUSE,ORFEUS/BEFS, and Copernicus. When P 4+ is the dominant ion in the wind (i.e., 0.5 . q(P ) ≤ 1), Ṁq(P ) approximates the mass-loss rate to within a facto...
متن کاملTiming Primate Evolution: Lessons from the Discordance Between Molecular and Paleontological Estimates
The molecular clock has become an increasingly important tool in evolutionary biology and biological anthropology. Nevertheless, a source of contention with respect to this method is the frequent discordance with fossil-based estimates of divergence times. The primate radiation is a case in point: Numerous studies have dated the major primate nodes (reviewed in Steiper and Young,) and there are...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of the American College of Cardiology
سال: 2010
ISSN: 0735-1097
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.04.034